Roger Francis — Published Papers

  1. R Francis, Avoiding Corrosion in Marine Scrubbers, presented at Stainless Steel World Conference, Maastricht, Holland, KCI, Zutphen, Holland, September, 2023
  2. R Francis, Duplex Stainless Steels and Chloride SCC — How Resistant Are They? Stainless Steel World, Volume 35, April, 2023, page 20. Extended version of paper presented at Duplex Stainless Steel World Conference 2022
  3. R Francis, Corrosion of White Irons in Mineral Processing Slurries, Materials Performance, 62, 2 (2023) 50
  4. R Francis, SCC of Duplex Stainless Steels: How Good Are They?, Duplex Stainless Steel World Conference, 1 st and 2 nd November 2022, Rotterdam, Holland, KCI, Zutphen, Holland
  5. R Francis and G Byrne, Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Cast Iron in Chloride-Containing Waters, Corrosion 78, 6, (2022) 563
  6. G Byrne, R Francis and G Warburton, The History of Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking (HISC) Failures Due to Cathodic Charging of Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS), Paper 18070, Corrosion 2022, AMPP, Houston, TX, USA, March 2022.
  7. R Francis and G Byrne, Duplex Stainless Steel Quality: ASTM A923 vs ISO 17781, Stainless Steel World, Volume 34,January/February, 2022, page 40
  8. R Francis, The Performance of Duplex Stainless Steels in Caustic Soda, Stainless Steel World, July/August 2021, page 52. See also Stainless Steel World India and Middle East, October 2021.
  9. R Francis and B van Hecke, Avoiding Corrosion in SWRO Desalination Plants, Stainless Steel World, Duplex 2021, virtual conference 1st to 3rd June 2021, KCI, Zutphen, Holland.
  10. R Francis and G Byrne, Duplex Stainless Steels – Alloys for the 21st Century, Metals, 2021, 11, 5, 836. hhtps://doi.org/10.3390/met 11050836.
  11. R Francis, Avoiding Premature Failure of CRAs in Industrial Plants, European Corrosion Management Conference, 17-18th November 2020, NACE International, Houston, TX, USA.
  12. R Francis, Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination, Materials Performance 59, 11 (2020) 44
  13. R Francis and S Clarke, Corrosion in Caustic Soda in Mineral Processing Operations, Corrosion 76, 7 (2020) 707
  14. R Francis, Duplex Stainless Steels: The Versatile Alloys, Corrosion 76, 5 (2020) 500 (Extended version of paper presented at ACA in 2019)
  15. R Francis and S Hebdon, The Corrosion of Cast Duplex Stainless Steels in Seawater and Sour Brines, Corrosion 75, 11 (2019) 1383
  16. R Francis, Duplex Stainless Steels — The Versatile Alloys, International Symposium, Advances in Corrosion Science and Corrosion Engineering, Melbourne, Australia, July 2019, Australasian Corrosion Association, Blackburn, VA, Australia.
  17. G Byrne and R Francis, The Sulphide Stress Corrosion Cracking (SSCC) Resistance of a Brand Named Super Duplex Stainless Steel of the Type UNS S32760, Middle East Corrosion Conference, Bahrain, October 2018, NACE International.
  18. R Francis, The Selection of Pump Materials for Handling Waste Waters, Paper 2018-26, CEOCOR, Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, UK, May 2018.
  19. R Francis and G Byrne, The Erosion Corrosion Limits of Duplex Stainless Steels, Materials Performance, 57, 5 (2018) page 44
  20. R Francis, Recent Corrosion Problems in SWRO Desalination Plants, Corrosion and Materials, Volume 43, May 2018, page 44.
  21. G Byrne, R Francis, G Warburton and A Fajimi, Meaningful Tests for the Quality of Duplex Stainless Steels, Paper 10876, Corrosion 2018, Phoenix, AZ, USA, April 2018, NACE International.
  22. R Francis and Claes Hedvall, The Effect of Chlorine Dioxide on Corrosion in Seawater, Mat. Perf. 55, 12 (2016) 48
  23. R Francis, Testing Requirements for Duplex Stainless Steels and Specification Deficiencies, TWI Offshore Oil and Gas Technical Group Meeting "Alloy Materials Offshore: What is Challenging us Now?" Aberdeen, Scotland, November 23rd, 2016.
  24. R Francis and D R McIntyre, The Importance of Redox Potential on Corrosion Control, Mat. Perf 55, 5 (2016) 48
  25. R Francis and G Byrne, The Detection of Alpha Prime in Duplex Stainless Steels, Paper 7025, Corrosion 2016, Vancouver, Canada, March 2016, NACE International
  26. G Byrne, R Francis and G Warburton, Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking (HISC) Resistance and Improvement Methods for Superduplex Stainless Steels, Paper 6981, Corrosion 2016, Vancouver, Canada, March 2016, NACE International
  27. G Byrne, R Francis and A Gulamhusein, Stray Current Corrosion In Sea Water Reverse Osmosis Systems, Proc. International Desalination Association World Congress, San Diego, California, USA. September 2015, IDA
  28. R Francis and S Hebdon, The Selection of Stainless Steels for Seawater Pumps, Paper 5446, Corrosion 2015, Dallas, TX, USA, March 2015, NACE International.
  29. R Francis and G Byrne, The Effect of Copper on the Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steels, MP 54, 3 (2015) 70
  30. G Byrne, Z Schulz, G Warburton and R Francis, Optimization of the Corrosion Resistance of Pipe Butt Welds in Superduplex Stainless Steels, Paper 0-7805, Eurocorr 2014, Pisa, Italy, September 2014, EFC.
  31. R Francis and S Hebdon, "The Limiting Section Thickness for Duplex Stainless Steels, Paper 3651, Corrosion 2014, San Antonio, TX, USA, March 2014, NAVE International.
  32. R Francis, "Corrosion Engineers (and Metallurgists) Can Save You Money", Corrosie and Coatings Conference, Antwerp, Belgium, February 2014.
  33. G Byrne, G Warburton, Z Schulz and R Francis, "ZERON 100 (UN S S32760 modified), Advanced Forging Process (AFP), Superduplex Stainless Steel for Increased Low Temperature Impact Toughness and Resistance to Hydrogen Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking (HISCC) Due to Cathodic Protection of API Forgings for Subsea Applications", Paper 130TCB-P-571-OTC, Offshore Technology Conference Brasil, Rio de Janiero, Brazil, October 2013.
  34. R Francis, G Byrne and G Warburton, The Application of Superduplex Stainless Steel in Geothermal Power Plants, Paper 2206, Corrosion 2013, March 2013, NACE International.
  35. R Francis, G Byrne, G Warburton and J Wilson, “QA/QC Tools to Ensure the Quality of Duplex Stainless Steel Components”, Paper 1096, Corrosion 2012, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, March 2012, NACE International.
  36. G Byrne, G Warburton, J Wilson and R Francis, “Fabrication of Superduplex Stainless Steel for Optimum Seawater Corrosion Resistance”, World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse, Perth, Australia, September 2011, IDA.
  37. G Byrne, J Wilson, R Francis and G Warburton, “Materials Selection for Membrane Plants Handling Brackish Waters, Seawater and Brines”, presented at Desalination Industry Action for Good, Portofino, Italy, May 2011, IDA.
  38. R Francis, G Byrne and G Warburton, "Corrosion of Superduplex Stainless Steel in
    Different Types of Seawater", Paper 475, Corrosion 2011, March 2011, Houston, TX, USA, NACE International.
  39. G Byrne, R Francis, G Warburton and J Wilson, “The Family of Duplex Stainless Steels in the Desalination Industry”, Duplex Stainless Steel 2010, October 2010, Beaune, France, KCI.
  40. R Francis, G Warburton, G Byrne and J Wilson, “QA/QC Tools to Ensure the Quality of Duplex Fittings and Other Components”, Duplex Stainless Steel 2010, October 2010, Beaune, France, KCI.
  41. R Francis and D M Wachowiak, “ZERON 100 for Downstream Processing in Acid Leach Mining”, COM 2010 conference, Vancouver, Canada, October 2010. Met Soc of CIM.
  42. G J Collie, G Byrne, R Francis and I Black, “Deleterious Phases from the Induction Bending of Thick Walled Superduplex Pipework”, International Journal of Materials Research Vol 101, April 2010, page 1.
  43. R Francis, “The Performance of Stainless Steels in Concentrated Sulphuric Acid”, Stainless Steel World, Vol 22, page 53, January 2010.
  44. R Francis, G Warburton, G Byrne and J Wilson, “Electrochemical Potential and the Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels in SWRO Applications”, IDA International Desalination Conference, Dubai, UAE, October, 2009.
  45. D Wachowiak, C Stinner, R Francis and G Warburton, “UNS S32760 Superduplex Stainless Steel for Wet FGD Air Pollution Systems”, Airpol 2009, Detroit, Michigan, USA, June 2009, NACE International. (Cancelled and held as a NACE International Webinar).
  46. R Francis & G Byrne, “Gasket Selection for Stainless Steels in Seawater”, Materials Performance, 46, 10 (2007) 50 (Published version of NACE Paper. 07262; item 12).
  47. R Francis and G Warburton, “The Threshold Stress for Initiation of Hydrogen Embrittlement in Various Product Forms of Z100 Superduplex Stainless Steel”. Presented at Eurocorr 2007, Freiburg, Germany, September 2007, EFC.
  48. R Francis and G Warburton, “Some Applications of Z100 Superduplex Stainless Steel in Marine Heat Exchangers.” Presented at Eurocorr 2007, Freiburg, Germany, September 2007, EFC.
  49. R Francis and G Byrne, “Factors Affecting Gasket Selection for Stainless Steels in Seawater”, Paper 262, Corrosion 2007, Nashville, TN, USA. March 2007, NACE International.
  50. R Francis and G Warburton, “Area of Use for Z100 (UNS S32760) Superduplex Stainless Steel Wireline”, Presented at Eurocorr 2006, Maastricht, Netherlands, EFC.
  51. R Francis and G Byrne, “The Performance of Z100 (UNS S32760) Superduplex Stainless Steel in Sulphuric Acid, Paper 216, Corrosion 2006, San Diego, CA, USA, March 2006, NACE International.
  52. R Francis and S A Hebdon, “A Comparison of the Corrosion Resistance of Cast and Wrought Superduplex Stainless Steel”, 58th T&O Conference of the Steel Founders Society of America, Chicago, IL, USA, November 2004.
  53. R Francis and G Byrne, “Experiences with Superduplex Stainless Steel in Seawater”, Stainless Steel World, Vol. 16, June 2004, KCI.
  54. G Byrne, R. Francis, G Warburton and M Maligas, “The Selection of Superduplex Stainless Steel for Oilfield Applications”, Paper 123, Corrosion 2004, New Orleans, LA, USA, March 2004, NACE International.
  55. R Francis and L. M. Phillips, “Developments in the use of Stainless Steels for Pumps and Valves”, I MECH E conference “Advanced Materials for Fluid Machinery”, February, 2004, London.
  56. R Francis and G Byrne, “Zeron 100 Superduplex Stainless Steel – An Advanced Alloy for Industrial Applications”, Presented at 2003 Beijing International Duplex Stainless Steel Conference, Beijing, China, October 2003.
  57. G Byrne, R Francis, G Warburton, R.J Bullock and C Kuzler, “The Selection, Design, Fabrication and Performance of Zeron 100® in SWRO Applications.” Presented at IDA Conference, Bahamas, October 2003.
  58. R Francis and G Byrne, “Experiences with Superduplex Stainless Steel in Seawater”, Paper 03255, presented at Corrosion 2003, San Diego, CA, USA. March 2003, NACE.
  59. R Francis and L Phillips, “Cost Effective Materials Selection for Pumps”, Pump Engineer, 1, 1 (2003) 44.
  60. R Francis, G Byrne and G R Warburton “The Use of Super Duplex Stainless Steel for High Pressure Acid Leach Circuits – A Supplier’s Perspective”. ALTA Ni/Co Conference, Perth, Australia. May 15th to 18th, 2001.
  61. R Francis and T Healiss, “Liquid Metal Embrittlement of a Steam Dump Condenser”, Mat. Perf. 40, 2 (2001) 68.
  62. R Francis & G.R. Warburton “ The Effect of Post Weld Surface Treatments on the Corrosion Resistance of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Welds in Sea Water”. Paper 00630, NACE Corrosion 2000, USA, March 2000.
  63. G Byrne, R Francis & G Warburton “Variation in Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Different Alloys within the Generic Designation UNS S32760”. Presented at Duplex America 2000, Houston, Texas, USA, 29th February 1st March 2000.
  64. R Francis, “Coupling of superduplex stainless steel and cast nickel-aluminum bronze in seawater”. British Corrosion Journal Vol. 34. No. 2. Page 139, 1999.
  65. R Francis, G Byrne, G.R. Warburton “ Experiences with Zeron 100 Super Duplex Stainless Steel in the Process Industries”, Paper No. 99007, Presented at Stainless Steel World Conference 1999, The Hague, Netherlands, October 1999.
  66. R Francis, G.R. Warburton “A model for the corrosion of the depleted zones around sigma precipitates produced during welding of super duplex stainless steel.” Paper No. 99006, presented at Stainless Steel World Conference 1999, The Hague, Netherlands, October 1999.
  67. R Francis, G Byrne & H S Campbell. “The Corrosion of Some Stainless Steels in a Marine Mud” Paper 313, Corrosion ’99, San Antonio, USA. April 1999, NACE.
  68. R Francis, G Byrne, G Warburton & S Hebdon “Applications and Experiences with Super Duplex Stainless Steel in Wet FGD Scrubber Systems”. Paper 479, Corrosion ‘98, San Diego, CA, USA. March 1998, NACE.
  69. R Francis, G Byrne & K Jones “Performance at Reduced Cost; Zeron 100 Super Duplex Stainless Steel Sets the Pace”. IDA World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse, October 1997. Madrid, Spain, Vol. III.
  70. R Francis, G Byrne & G Warburton “The uses of Super Duplex Stainless Steels in the Nickel Mining Industry.” CIM Conference, Sudbury, Canada, August 1997.
  71. G R Warburton, Dr R Francis, C Mockler “Experiences with Zeron 100 Super Duplex Stainless Steel in Industrial Applications”. Presented at NACE Israel Symposium on New Alloys for Corrosion Control, Tel Aviv, June 18, 1997. Published in: Corrosion Reviews Vol.16, No.3, (p.219), 1998.
  72. Dr R Francis, Dr G Byrne and G R Warburton “Effects of Cathodic Protection on Duplex Stainless Steels in Seawater”. Corrosion, Vol. 53, No. 3, pp234240 (1997).
  73. Dr R Francis, Dr G Byrne and G R Warburton “Role of Environmental and Metallurgical Variables on the Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steels to Sulphide SCC” Corrosion 97, Paper No. 12.
  74. R Francis, S Hughes and G Byrne, “The Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion of High Alloy Stainless Steels in Seawater”, Middle East Corrosion Conference, Bahrain, February 1996, NACE.
  75. Dr R Francis, Dr G Byrne, G R Warburton “Experiences with Highly Alloyed Duplex Stainless Steels in Sea Water Systems.” European Workshop on Sea Water Corrosion of Stainless Steels Mechanisms and Experiences. Trondheim, Norway November 1995 Published by EFC.
  76. G R Warburton, Dr R Francis, Dr G Byrne, S Bukovinsky “Experiences with Zeron 100 Super Duplex Stainless Steel in Industrial Applications”. Australian Materials Conference, Perth, Australia. October 1995.
  77. Dr R Francis, J B Irwin, Dr G Byrne “Repassivation of High Alloy Stainless Steels in Chlorinated Sea Water”. British Corrosion Journal 30 (1995) 237.
  78. H S Campbell, R Francis, “Simulated Service Test for Hydrogen Embrittlement of Cathodically Protected Bolting materials”, Brit. Corr J. 30, 2, (1995) 154.
  79. Dr R Francis, Dr G Byrne, G R Warburton “The effect of Cathodic Protection on Duplex Stainless Steels in Seawater”. Paper 290 Corrosion '95 NACE. Orlando, Florida, USA March 1995.
  80. Dr R Francis, J Irwin, Dr G Byrne, G R Warburton “The Effects of Insulation Defects on the Corrosion of SubSea Super Duplex Stainless Steel Process Pipes”. Paper 57 Corrosion '95 NACE. Orlando, Florida, USA March 1995.
  81. G R Warburton, Dr G Byrne, Dr R Francis, “Application and Fabrication experiences of a 25% chromium super duplex stainless steel (UNS S32760) within the oil and gas industry”, Proc I.EM Conference, Selection, Fabrication and Performance of Corrosion Resistant Alloys, Kuala Lumpur, January 1995.
  82. R Francis, J Irwin, G Byrne “The Repassivation of High Alloy Stainless Steels” Duplex Stainless Steel 1994, Glasgow, 13-16 November 1994, Paper 22.
  83. R Francis, “Environmental Cracking and Embrittlement of Duplex Stainless Steel”, Duplex Stainless Steel 94, Glasgow, 13-16 November 1994, Paper K IV.
  84. R Francis, S Bukovinsky, “The Chemical Resistance of Zeron 100”, Duplex Stainless Steel 94, Glasgow, 13-16 November 1994, Paper 21.
  85. R Francis, “Galvanic Corrosion of High Alloy Stainless Steels in Sea Water”, British Corrosion Journal, 1994, 29, (1), 53-57.
  86. R Francis and G Byrne, “The Corrosion of Duplex Stainless Steels in Sour Service”. Paper 64, Corrosion '94, NACE, Baltimore, USA, March 1994.
  87. R Francis, “The Performance of Duplex Stainless Steels in Chemical Environments”. Paper 387 Corrosion '94 NACE Baltimore, USA, March 1994.
  88. R Francis, “The Hydrogen Embrittlement of Duplex Stainless Steel under Cathodic Protection in Sea Water”. Journal of Offshore Technology, Volume 2, November 1994, page 23.
  89. R Francis, “The Role of Duplex Stainless Steels for Downhole Tubulars”. Paper 7319 Offshore Technology Conference. Houston, USA, May 1993.
  90. R Francis, “Discussion on: Influence of Sigma Phase on general and pitting corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel by J H Potgieter”. Brit Corr. J. 27 (1992) 319.
  91. C F G Baxter, J B Irwin and R Francis, “Weld Zone Hardness and Serviceability of Zeron 100 Super Duplex Stainless Steel”, Third International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. Singapore, June 1993.
  92. R Francis, “The Corrosion of Duplex Stainless Steels in Sour Service”. Sour Service - Problems and Solutions, Aberdeen November 1991, TWI.
  93. R Francis, “Duplex and super duplex stainless steel: State of the Art and Future Developments”, UK Corrosion '91, Manchester October 1991, Publ by I Corr.
  94. R Francis & M Bennett, “Material Selection: How to Achieve the Most Cost Effective Choice for your Pump”, presented at Materials for Rotating Machinery Conference in Aberdeen, 1992.
  95. R Francis, “The Performance of Duplex Stainless Steels in Chemical Environments”, NiDI Seminar, Kuala Lumpur, November 1992.
  96. S Smith and R Francis, “The Use of Electrochemical Noise to Detect Initiation of Pitting Conditions on Copper Tubes”, Brit. Corr. J. 25, 4 (1990) 285.
  97. R Francis, “The Effect of Chlorine on the Corrosion of High Alloy Stainless Steels in Seawater”, Stainless Steels '87, October 1987, York, UK, IOM, page 192.
  98. R Francis, “Hot-Spot Corrosion in Condenser Tubes – Its Causes and Prevention”, Brit. Corr. J. 22 (1987) 199.
  99. M D Carpenter, R Francis, L M Phillips, J W Oldfield, “Electrochemical Tests to Assess the Resistance to Crevice Corrosion in Seawater of Some Duplex Stainless Steels”, Brit. Corr. J. 21, 1 (1986) 45.
  100. R Francis, “The Myth of Zinc-Free Bronzes”, Metallurgical Engineer, March 1986, page 66.
  101. R Francis, “The Use of Small Amplitude Cyclic Voltammetry to Study the Corrosion of Copper and Its Alloys”, International Workshop on Electrochemical Corrosion Testing, Ferrara, Italy, September 1985, EFC.
  102. R Francis, “Effect of pollutants on Corrosion of Copper Alloys in Seawater. Part 1: Ammonia and Chlorine”, Brit. Corr. J 20, 4 (1985) 167.
  103. R Francis, “Effect of Pollutants on Corrosion of Copper Alloys in Seawater. Part 2: Sulphide and Chlorine”, Brit. Corr. J 20, 4 (1985) 175.
  104. H S Campbell and R Francis, “Dezincification-Resistant Brass, CZ132, in Seawater”, The Metallurgist, April 1983.
  105. R Francis, “Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion of 70/30 Copper-Nickel in Seawater”, Brit. Corr. J. 18, 1 (1983) 35.
  106. R Francis, “The Effect of Additions to the Cooling Water on the Corrosion of Copper Alloy Condenser Tubes”, Mat. Perf. 21, 8 (1982) 44.
  107. R Francis and D G Lees, “Some Observations on the Growth Mechanism of Haematite During the Oxidation of Iron at 823°K”, Corr. Sci. 16 (1976) 847.
Image (top left) by Agnieszka